机遇屋-体验安卓原生开发了个播发器，作为后端工程师谈谈我的感受

体验安卓原生开发了个播发器，作为后端工程师谈谈我的感受

作者：ych

### 痛点
#### 第三方sdk繁多，依赖和支持兼容问题多
以哔站的开源`ijkplayer`使用为例，教程很多都是过时的
[旧版ijkplayer使用](https://www.jianshu.com/p/c5d972ab0309 "旧版ijkplayer使用")
[用ijkplayer播放视频源](https://www.jianshu.com/p/fbafd60d1322 "用ijkplayer播放视频源")
但是下载却找不到包，于是去找githut别人写的[wtplayer](https://github.com/wuhongsheng/wtplayer "wtplayer")，找到`wtplayerlib`类库，拷贝了`libs`文件夹`ijkplayer.jar`等包导入

#### build.gradle依赖繁琐
```
plugins {
    id 'com.android.application'
}

android {
    compileSdk 32

defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.news"
        minSdk 21
        targetSdk 32
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"

testInstrumentationRunner "androidx.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }

buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
    sourceSets {
        main {
            jniLibs.srcDirs = ['libs']
        }
    }

dataBinding{
        enabled true
    }
    buildFeatures {
        // Enables Jetpack Compose for this module
        //compose true
        dataBinding true
    }

compileOptions {
        sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
        targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: "libs", include: ["*.jar"])
    implementation 'androidx.appcompat:appcompat:1.3.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.material:material:1.4.0'
    implementation 'androidx.constraintlayout:constraintlayout:2.0.4'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.13.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.ext:junit:1.1.3'
    androidTestImplementation 'androidx.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.4.0'

implementation 'com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-core:2.17.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-ui:2.17.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-hls:2.17.0'
    implementation 'com.google.android.exoplayer:exoplayer-dash:2.17.0'

//哔站的ijkplayer
    api files('libs/ijkplayer.jar')
    //implementation 'tv.danmaku.ijk.media:ijkplayer-exo:0.8.8'
}
```
#### AndroidManifest.xml权限等配置易被遗漏
application内部需要声明`activity`,用户授权`uses-permission`需要添加
```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    package="com.news">

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.CAMERA" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" />
    
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW"/>
    <application
        android:allowBackup="true"
        android:dataExtractionRules="@xml/data_extraction_rules"
        android:fullBackupContent="@xml/backup_rules"
        android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
        android:label="@string/app_name"
        android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
        android:supportsRtl="true"
        android:theme="@style/Theme.News"
        tools:targetApi="31">
        <activity
            android:name=".MainActivity"
            android:exported="true">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

</application>

</manifest>
```
#### xml控件设计的太渣
用过winform和wpf后使用Android的布局感觉拖控件移动位置不灵活，可能是Android自适应屏幕估计比较难吧，给人的感觉编译器设计的过于粗糙。
##### activity_main.xml
```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MainActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    >

</LinearLayout>
```
##### activity_record.xml
```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".MediaRecordActivity"
    android:orientation="vertical">

<Button
        android:id="@+id/btn_opt"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="开始"

</LinearLayout>
```
##### activity_video.xml
```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    tools:context=".PlayVideo">
    <com.google.android.exoplayer2.ui.StyledPlayerView
        android:id="@+id/exo_player"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        app:layout_constraintLeft_toLeftOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintRight_toRightOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintTop_toTopOf="parent"
        app:layout_constraintBottom_toBottomOf="parent"
        />

</LinearLayout>
```
##### activity_ijvideo.xml
```
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:background="@color/black"
    tools:context=".IJVideo">

</LinearLayout>
```

#### 事件实现过于多样
1.Java和Kotlin使用上会纠结
2.Java和Kotlin并不能100%互转
3.很多类库是第三方的被废弃可能性大
4.Kotlin使用后引入bug增多,Google可能直接标记插件废弃
##### kotlin-android-extensions插件也被废弃了
```
// btn_update.setOnClickListener(){
//            update()
//        }
val updateButton: Button = findViewById(R.id.btn_update)
        updateButton.setOnClickListener(){
            update()
        }
```

##### MainActivity.java
```
package com.news;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;

import android.Manifest;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.view.View;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA,Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO},100);
    }

public void record(View view){
        startActivity(new Intent(MainActivity.this,MediaRecordActivity.class));
        finish();
    }
    public  void playVideo(View view){
        startActivity(new Intent(this,PlayVideo.class));
    }
    public  void playAudio(View view){
        startActivity(new Intent(this,IJVideo.class));
    }
}
```

##### MediaRecordActivity.java
```
package com.news;

import androidx.annotation.Nullable;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.hardware.Camera;
import android.media.MediaRecorder;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.text.TextUtils;
import android.view.Surface;
import android.view.TextureView;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;

public class MediaRecordActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
    private TextureView textureView;
    private Button btn_opt;
    private MediaRecorder mediaRecorder;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState){
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_record);
        textureView=findViewById(R.id.textureView);
        btn_opt=findViewById(R.id.btn_opt);

btn_opt.setOnClickListener(this);
    }

@Override
    public void onClick(View v){
        CharSequence text=btn_opt.getText();

if(TextUtils.equals(text,"开始")){
            btn_opt.setText("结束");
            mediaRecorder=new MediaRecorder();
            mediaRecorder.setAudioSource(MediaRecorder.AudioSource.MIC);
            mediaRecorder.setVideoSource(MediaRecorder.VideoSource.CAMERA);
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFormat(MediaRecorder.OutputFormat.MPEG_4);
            mediaRecorder.setAudioEncoder(MediaRecorder.AudioEncoder.AAC);
            mediaRecorder.setVideoEncoder(MediaRecorder.VideoEncoder.H264);
            mediaRecorder.setOutputFile(new File(getExternalFilesDir(""),"a.mp4").getAbsolutePath());
            mediaRecorder.setVideoSize(640,480);
            mediaRecorder.setPreviewDisplay(new Surface(textureView.getSurfaceTexture()));
            try{
                mediaRecorder.prepare();
            }catch (IOException e){
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            mediaRecorder.start();
        }else{
            btn_opt.setText("开始");
            mediaRecorder.stop();
            mediaRecorder.release();
        }
    }
}

```

##### PlayVideo.java
```
package com.news;

import android.Manifest;
import android.os.Bundle;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;
import androidx.core.app.ActivityCompat;

import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ExoPlayer;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.MediaItem;
import com.google.android.exoplayer2.ui.StyledPlayerView;

public class PlayVideo extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static  final String URL="http://220.161.87.62:8800/hls/0/index.m3u8";
    private ExoPlayer mExoPlayer;
    private StyledPlayerView mStyledPlayerView;

@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_video);
        mStyledPlayerView = findViewById(R.id.exo_player);
        mExoPlayer = new ExoPlayer.Builder(this).build();
        mStyledPlayerView.setPlayer(mExoPlayer);

MediaItem mediaItem=MediaItem.fromUri(URL);
        mExoPlayer.setMediaItem(mediaItem);
    }

@Override
    protected void onStart(){
        super.onStart();
        mExoPlayer.prepare();
        mExoPlayer.play();
    }
    @Override
    protected  void onStop(){
        super.onStop();
        mExoPlayer.stop();
        mExoPlayer.release();
    }

}

```

##### IJVideo.java
```
package com.news;

import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.SurfaceHolder;
import android.view.SurfaceView;

import androidx.annotation.NonNull;
import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import java.io.IOException;

import tv.danmaku.ijk.media.player.IjkMediaPlayer;

public class IJVideo extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";

String url = "http://220.161.87.62:8800/hls/0/index.m3u8";
    private SurfaceView mSurfaceView;

@Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_ijvideo);
        IjkMediaPlayer player = new IjkMediaPlayer();

mSurfaceView = findViewById(R.id.surface_view);
        mSurfaceView.getHolder().addCallback(new SurfaceHolder.Callback() {
            @Override
            public void surfaceCreated(@NonNull SurfaceHolder holder) {
                player.setDisplay(holder);
                Log.d(TAG, "surfaceCreated: ");
            }

@Override
            public void surfaceChanged(@NonNull SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width, int height) {
                Log.d(TAG, "surfaceChanged: ");
            }

@Override
            public void surfaceDestroyed(@NonNull SurfaceHolder holder) {
                Log.d(TAG, "surfaceDestroyed: ");
            }
        });

try {
            player.setDataSource(url);
            player.prepareAsync();
            player.start();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

```

就先这样吧，也算用原生开发了个非常简单的播放器app了吧。

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